The Rise of “Resilience” in Economic Discourse It is now commonplace to hear policymakers and markets praise the "resilience" of supply chains, of financial systems, of growth trajectories, and of investor sentiment. In its popularized form, resilience suggests strength, adaptability, and an underlying systemic vitality. What does it mean for an economy to be resilient? The global economy has shown  surprising robustness amid geopolitical shocks recently. Yet, it also warns o

In recent years, the proliferation of data-driven analysis has reshaped the epistemological foundations of economics. Vast computational capacity and algorithmic learning promise to turn uncertainty into calculable probability, and complexity into manageable prediction. Yet, the triumph of data often conceals a deeper conceptual poverty. As economics has increasingly become an empirical technocracy, it risks losing sight of what makes social inquiry meaningful: context, purpo

The Myth of Market Balance Few ideas have shaped modern economics as profoundly as equilibrium. Since the marginal revolution of the late nineteenth century, the intersection of supply and demand has served as the canonical representation of how markets coordinate individual preferences into collective outcomes. It became the visual and conceptual emblem of economic reasoning, a symbol of harmony, rationality, and efficiency. Yet, beneath its geometry lies a fragile abstracti

The Philosopher Who Looked Beyond Capitalism Few thinkers anticipated the dilemmas of twenty-first-century political economy as clearly as André Gorz  (1923–2007) did. Born in Vienna as Gérard Horst, Gorz became part of post-war France’s intellectual milieu, writing for Les Temps Modernes  under the influence of Jean-Paul Sartre . Over time he fused existentialism, Marxism, and ecological thought into a critique that re-imagined what economics could be about: not growth or pr

The United States is entering a distinctly modern kind of downturn what is called a “white-collar recession.” Unlike traditional recessions, this one is unfolding in corporate offices, tech hubs, and administrative sectors, where jobs are being redefined or replaced under the combined weight of artificial intelligence, trade frictions, and weak consumer demand. Over the past week, Amazon, Paramount, United Parcel Service (UPS), and Target announced  a total of 31,800 layoffs,

For much of the twentieth century, the United States cast itself as the world’s chief of laissez-faire economics. From Bretton Woods  to...

Most people might think that Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a recently developed phenomenon. However, the foundations of its scientific...

Global markets are shifting direction. Capital is moving toward cheaper European equities. China is producing more at lower prices. Japan...

The world economy is caught between protectionist tariffs, a ballooning U.S. debt load, and rising fears of political interference in...

The debate on artificial intelligence often oscillates between utopian promises and dystopian fears. Yet, the most pressing paradox may...

Investors are turning to safe-haven assets as political pressure on the Federal Reserve raises questions about the credibility of U.S....

Stefan Zweig, in his work Decisive Moments in History , describes the telegraph cable connecting the two sides of the Atlantic as one of...

In my previous article , I pointed out that focusing solely on carbon emissions is a flawed approach to understanding the climate crisis....

When it comes to the climate crisis, most people immediately think of carbon dioxide (CO₂). The general public perception is that if CO₂...

From Creative Destruction to Destructive Innovation Joseph Schumpeter’s concept of creative destruction  described capitalism as a...

In 2015, a group of scientists, technology visionaries, and artificial intelligence researchers signed a letter expressing their concerns...

A Journey of Thought Beginning in a Bookstore It was a day in 1993. I was walking from Taksim Square towards Gümüşsuyu. At the top of the...

Introduction Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming economies and societies. Many believe that artificial general intelligence...

Abstract Despite widespread enthusiasm about artificial intelligence (AI) and its potential to reshape productivity , adoption in the...

A report  published on June 19 delivered a stark reality check: at current rates, the world has less than three years before it crosses...