In recent years, the proliferation of data-driven analysis has reshaped the epistemological foundations of economics. Vast computational capacity and algorithmic learning promise to turn uncertainty into calculable probability, and complexity into manageable prediction. Yet, the triumph of data often conceals a deeper conceptual poverty. As economics has increasingly become an empirical technocracy, it risks losing sight of what makes social inquiry meaningful: context, purpo

The Myth of Market Balance Few ideas have shaped modern economics as profoundly as equilibrium. Since the marginal revolution of the late nineteenth century, the intersection of supply and demand has served as the canonical representation of how markets coordinate individual preferences into collective outcomes. It became the visual and conceptual emblem of economic reasoning, a symbol of harmony, rationality, and efficiency. Yet, beneath its geometry lies a fragile abstracti